Yanditswe na Manzi Uwayo Fabrice
Dr Venant Rutunga ni umunyarwanda woherejwe n’Ubuholandi ngo aze kuburanira mu Rwanda ku byaha akurikiranyweho bya jenoside. Akigera mu Rwanda yatangiye avuga ko nta butabera yiteze, ndetse avuga ko urubanza rwe ruzagenda nk’iz’abandi zicibwa mu ikinamico, nyamara imyanzuro izazivamo izwi mbere y’uko zitangira kuburanishwa. Gusa mu buryo bushobora kugora abatarakurikiranye urubanza kuva mu itangira ryarwo, uwo ari we, uko aburana, ibyo aregwa, n’aho bigeze, n’impamvu aburanira mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha nyambukiranyamipaka, rufite icyicaro i Nyanza mu Majyepfo y’u Rwanda, nk’Abaryankuna, twahisemo kubagezaho uko byose byatangiye n’aho bigeze ubu.
Ese Dr Venant Rutunga ni muntu ki ?
Dr Venant Rutunga ni umunyarwanda wavukiye muri Komini Gatonde, mu cyahoze ari Perefegitura ya Ruhengeri, mu mwaka w’1949. Mu mwaka w’1994, ubwo yari afite imyaka 45, yari umuyobozi wa Centre Régional du Plateau Central, mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi mu by’Ubuhinzi, Institut des Sciences Agronomiques du Rwanda-ISAR cyakoreraga i Rubona muri Komini ya Ruhashya, Perefegitura ya Butare. Uretse kuba umuyobozi muri ISAR-Rubona, Dr Venant Rutunga yari n’umwarimu mu cyahoze ari Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda, Université Nationale du Rwanda.
Mu gihe cya jenoside amaze kubona ko umutekano w’ikigo yayoboraga wari utangiye kuba muke, giterwa buri munsi, yasabye Sylvain Nsabimana, wari Préfet wa Butare, kumuha abashinzwe umutekano bafite imbunda, maze amuha aba gendarmes bagera ku 10 kugira ngo barinde icyo kigo cya Leta, hatazagira icyangizwa.
Icyo kigo cyaje guhungirwamo n’Abatutsi bahigwaga, maze ba ba gendarmes babarasaho, bicamo bamwe. Iki ni kimwe mu byaha Dr Venant Rutunga aregwa ko yazanye abishi bo gutsemba Abatutsi. Mu gihe we avuga ko ibyo bakoze babikoze ku giti cyabo, ko bagomba kubikurikiranwa, kuko icyaha ari gatozi kandi ko atari we wabatumye kwica. Akongeraho ko ubutumwa bari bafite yari mission izwi neza kandi isobanutse, idafite aho ihuriye n’ubwicanyi bishoyemo we atabizi.
Dr Venant Rutunga wari warahungiye mu Buholandi, aho yari umushakashatsi muri Kaminuza, yagaruwe mu Rwanda ku itariki ya 23 Nyakanga 2021, ahita atabwa muri yombi na RIB, imushyikiriza Gereza Nkuru ya Nyarugenge iri i Mageragere, ajya kuhafungirwa. Aho i Mageragere niho aburana aturuka, biri mu byo atemeranya n’urukiko kuko avuga ko afunze mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Amategeko ntiyemera ko umuntu utarakatirwa n’urukiko afungirwa muri gereza, yitegura gushyikirizwa inkiko.
Mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kicukiro
Nk’uko tubikesha BBC na VOA, Dr Venant Rutunga uburanira mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda yiyongereye ku rutonde rurerure rw’abatizeye cyangwa bavuga ko badateze kubonera ubutabera mu Rwanda. Ni amagambo yavuze ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 12 Kanama 2021, ubwo yaburaniraga mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Kicukiro, aburana ifungwa n’ifungurwa.
Umwunganira mu mategeko, Me. Sebaziga Sophonie, yabanje kuzamura inzitizi zateje impaka ndende mu rukiko, avuga ko uwo yunganira afunzwe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, kuko ntaho byabaye ko umuntu utarakatirwa n’inkiko afungirwa muri gereza nkuru, ahubwo afungirwa muri cachot ya Police.
Ibi nabyo urukiko rwabiteye utwatsi, ruvuga ko, nk’uko Ubushinjacyaha bwabisobanuye, acumbikiwe muri kimwe mu byumba by’iyi gereza byiswe ko ari VIP, n’ubwo atari urukiko rwahamushyize, ariko ko bikubiye mu masezerano yasinywe hagati y’u Rwanda n’Ubuholandi, mbere y’uko yoherezwa mu Rwanda. Urukiko rukavuga ko ibyo byumba byabanje kugenzurwa bikanemezwa n’abagenzuzi mpuzamahanga.
Umunyamategeko yabwiye kandi urukiko ko amazu afungirwamo abakekwaho ibyaha agenwa n’urukiko gusa. Anavuga ko Urukiko Gacaca rwakatiye uwo yunganira adahari, rukamuhanisha gufungwa burundu rutagaragazwa. Avuga icyo cyemezo niba kinahari cyagombye kubanza guteshwa agaciro, akaburana noneho ahibereye. Ibihabanye n’ibyo gukomeza gufungirwa muri gereza byaba bisa nk’aho arimo kurangiza igihano kandi nta rukiko ruramuhamya ibyaha. Yagize ati : « Namwe murabizi ko uwo nunganira ari umwere ».
Ubushinjacyaha bwo buvuga ko inzitizi zatanzwe n’uregwa busanga nta shingiro zifite. Bwavuze ko Dr Rutunga adafunzwe nk’abandi bafungwa, ngo kuko we acumbikiwe muri VIP, ibyo bikaba bihagije. Bwakomeje buvuga ko namara guhamywa ibyaha azafungirwa muri Gereza ya Mpanga i Nyanza, kuko ariyo yakira abaturutse mu mahanga. Bwavuze ko icyemezo cy’Urukiko Gacaca kizasuzumwa kandi kigateshwa n’Urukiko ruzaburanisha urubanza mu mizi. Bumurega kandi gukoresha inama zateguye ubwicanyi.
Me Sebaziga avuga ko nta na rimwe amasezerano hagati y’ibihugu akuraho amategeko u Rwanda rugenderaho, ngo kuko ari ndemyagihugu. Ubushinjacyaha bugashimangira ko adafungiwe muri gereza nk’abandi banyururu kuko n’ikimenyimenyi atarambara impuzankano iranga abagororwa bafunzwe.
Mu ishati y’ibara ryera n’ikoboyi y’umukara n’amataratara mu maso, Dr Rutunga yumvikanye imbere y’umucamanza avuga ko akigera muri gereza bashatse kumwambika impuzankano iranga abagororwa, maze basanga ishaje, bahise bamupima bavuga ko bagiye kumudodeshereza. Gusa akeka ko baje gusanga baba bakoze amakosa yo kwambika umwenda w’iroza umuntu utarakatirwa n’urukiko urwo ari rwo rwose.
Nyuma yo kumva impaka ku mpande zombi, urukiko rwanzuye ko ruzazisuzumira hamwe n’urubanza, rwemeza ko iburanisha rikomeza. Icyaha ku kindi Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ibyo burega Dr Rutunga. Buvuga ko bumubaraho imfu z’abantu bari hagati y’1000 n’2000, bukanemeza ko nawe ubwe yagaragaye yambaye imyenda y’interahamwe afite n’agafuni mu bitero byishe Abatutsi. Ni ingingo isa n’iyatangaje Dr Rutunga maze aho yari yicaye asoma dossier y’ibirego bye, ntiyabyihanganira ahita akubita agatwenge mu rukiko, maze umucamanza aramwitegereza, azunguza umutwe.
Yemera ko yatabaje uwari Préfet wa Butare muri icyo gihe ngo amuha aba gendarmes 10 bo kurinda icyo kigo cya Leta, ngo kuko cyari cyatewe. Gusa asobanura ko nawe yababajwe n’uko abo bagendarmes batakoze inshingano zabo zo kurinda ikigo, ahubwo bakishora mu bwicanyi, ariko ko atari we wabazwa iby’ubwo bwicanyi ngo kuko icyaha ari gatozi.
Bwanzura, Ubushinjacyaha bwemeje ko hari impamvu zikomeye zituma bumukekaho ibyaha, bukamusabira kuba afunzwe by’agateganyo mu gihe cy’iminsi 30, mbere y’uko urubanza rutangira kuburanishwa mu mizi. Buvuga kandi ko mu kumurekura ashobora kongera kwihisha ubutabera cyangwa akabangamira iperereza.
Afashe ijambo, uregwa nta byinshi yavuze ku byaha akekwaho, gusa yikomye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko kumushinja ibyaha hari ibyo bwirengagije. Ibyo birimo kuvuga ko yakoze ibyaha ari mu ishyaka CDR ryari ryiganjemo abahezanguni, mu gihe we kuva mu 1991 kugeza mu 1994 atsemba ko nta shyaka rya politiki yabarizwagamo. Yemeza kandi ko bwirengagiza ko yagiye gutabaza Préfet ngo amuhe aba gendarmes kuko ikigo cya ISAR-Rubona cyari cyatewe n’abagizi ba nabi, ahakana ibyo aregwa byose, akavuga ko no mu manza zabereye muri ISAR-Rubona nta na hamwe yigeze agarukwaho nk’umwe mu bagize uruhare mu bwicanyi, akibaza impamvu bivuzwe nyuma y’imyaka 27 ishize ari uko agiranye ibibazo n’Abaholandi bakamusubiza mu Rwanda.
Umwunganira Me Sebaziga nawe avuga ko Ubushinjacyaha bwirengagiza ko hari n’Abatutsi Dr Rutunga yahishe muri jenoside. Avuga ko nta muntu n’umwe uwo yunganira yakoresheje cyangwa yigishije wigeze avuga ko yagiriraga urwango abo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi. Akaboneraho gusaba ko uwo yunganira afungurwa by’agateganyo, agakurikiranwa ari hanze, akanemeza ko ubu nta mpamvu zikomeye zatuma afungwa kandi adashobora gutoroka dore ko nta n’impapuro z’inzira akigira zamujyana mu mahanga.
Ubushinjacyaha bwa Kagame bumukurikiranyeho ibyaha bitatu birimo icyaha cya jenoside, ubufatanyacyaha mu gukora jenoside n’icyaha cyo kurimbura nk’icyaha kibasiye inyoko muntu. Uruzabanza rwapfundikiwe rutyo hemezwa ko ruzasomwa ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 17/08/2021, hakamenyekana niba azakomeza gufungwa cyangwa niba azafungurwa by’agateganyo, akaburana yidegembya.
Mu isomwa ry’urubanza
Dr Venant Rutunga w’imyaka 72 y’amavuko yari mu Rukiko ari kumwe n’umwunganira mu mategeko, Me Sophonie Sebaziga, tariki ya 17 Kanama 2021 ubwo urubanza rwasomwaga. Umucamanza yatangaje ko hari impamvu zikomeye zituma Dr Rutunga akekwaho ibyaha byose uko ari bitatu akurikiranyweho. Bityo akaba agomba gufungwa iminsi 30 y’agateganyo, mbere y’uko urubanza rwe rutangira mu mizi, nk’uko byari byasabwe n’Ubushinjacyaha.
Nyuma y’isomwa ry’urubanza, umunyamakuru wa BBC, Yves Bucyana, yamubajije niba azajurira icyo cyemezo, maze mu ijwi rikarishye agira ati : « Sinzajurira kuko n’abandi niko bizabagendekera».
Mu Rukiko Rukuru rwa Nyanza
Nyuma y’uko Dr Venant Rutunga n’umwunganira banze kujurira icyemezo cyo gufungwa iminsi 30 y’agateganyo, bahise bajya gutegura urubanza mu mizi, ariko rwategereje amezi 11 arengaho umunsi kugira ngo ruburanishwe mu Rukiko rwa Nyanza, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha by’iterabwoba n’ibyaha mpuzamahanga byambukiranya imipaka, kuko rwaburanishijwe kuri uyu wa Mbere, tariki ya 18/07/2022.
Nk’uko na none tubikesha BBC na VOA, Dr Venant Rutunga yabwiye urukiko ko ibyo byaha byamwitiriwe kubera umwanya ukomeye yari afite mu kigo cya ISAR-Rubona. Yavuze ko nta mabwiriza ayo ari yo yose cyangwa se amategeko yigeze atanga we ubwe cyangwa undi muyobozi muri iki kigo. Aregwa ibyaha bitatu byagejeje ku iyicwa ry’abakozi ba ISAR-Rubona n’abandi Batutsi bari bahungiye hafi y’icyo kigo. Ibindi bikorwa aregwa ni ugutanga ibikoresho gakondo by’icyo kigo mu kwica Abatutsi, gusaba no kuzana aba gendarmes n’abasirikare bakoze ubwicanyi muri ISAR no guhemba Interahamwe zishe abantu.
Dr Venant Rutunga ahakana ibyaha byose aregwa, akavuga ko yagiye guhuruza Préfet wa Butare, Sylvain Nsabimana, wamuhaye aba gendarmes n’abasirikare bo kurinda umutekano kubera ibitero by’abashakaga kwica Abatutsi byari byugarije icyo kigo.
Ubushinjacyaha bwa Kagame bwo bumurega kujya guhuruza aba gendarmes n’abasirikare baje kwica Abatutsi bari bahungiye muri icyo kigo no mu nkengero zacyo. We ntahakana ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi bwakozwe n’aba ba gendarmes n’abasirikare muri ISAR. Gusa yabwiye Urukiko ko atari cyo yari yabazaniye, ko kuri we yabazaniye gukiza abantu, kandi ko ibikorwa bibi baba barijanditsemo babibazwa bo ubwabo. Ubushinjacyaha kandi bwamushinje gutanga ibikoresho gakondo birimo imihoro, amasuka n’ibindi byakoreshejwe mu kwica Abatutsi. We yavuze ko ibyo bikoresho buri gitondo byahabwaga abakozi bakora isuku muri ISAR kandi ko atari we wari ushinzwe ububiko bw’ibyo bikoresho. Gusa abatangabuhamya babwiye Urukiko Rukuru ko bakoze inama muri ISAR iyobowe na Dr Venant Rutunga, nyuma irangiye ajya gutanga ibikoresho byo kwica Abatutsi.
Dr Rutunga yahise yibaza ukuntu iyo nama yaba yarabaye abandi bayobozi babiri batari bari muri ISAR. Asobanura ko umuyobozi umwe yari i Kigali, undi yarirukanywe adashobora no gukandagira muri ISAR. Avuga ko n’iby’inama za vidéoconférence zitashobokaga kuko iryo koranabuhanga ritari ryagera mu Rwanda. Umwe mu batangabuhamya yemeza ko ibikoresho gakondo byari bifitwe n’abakoraga isuku uretse Abatutsi, Dr Rutunga akabihakana, akavuga ko abakoraga isuku babaga hanze y’ikigo kandi nta mukozi wa ISAR watangaga ibikoresho. Avuga ko babihabwaga n’aba capita babo, nabo babihawe n’abashinzwe ububiko bwabyo.
Dr Rutunga avuga ko hari abatangabuhamya bemeje ko abaje kwica muri ISAR baje bizaniye ibikoresho byabo atari ibyo baherewe mu kigo. Yabwiye Urukiko Rukuru ko muri ISAR nta barrières zari zihari kuko hatari hanazitiye. Asobanura ko n’imwe yaje kuhashyirwa mu kwezi kwa 5/1994, nta mututsi wayiguyeho, ko ahubwo yashyizweho n’abasirikare bahanyuraga bahunga, ubwo intambara yerekezaga i Butare, kandi muri icyo gihe jenoside yasaga n’iyarangiye muri Rubona, akumva ibyayo adakwiye kubibazwa.
Ku cyo kujya kuzana aba gendarmes bo kwica Abatutsi, Dr Rutunga avuga ko yari yagiye gutabariza ikigo. Yasobanuye ko uwari Préfet, Nsabimana Sylvain, yifashishije ngo amuhe izi nzego z’umutekano, muri 2014 yagizwe umwere n’Urukiko rwa Arusha ku birebana n’ibyavuzwe ku byabereye mu kigo cya ISAR. Avuga ko nka Rutunga nta gikorwa kinyuranyije n’amategeko yakoze muri uko gutabaza inzego z’umutekano. Ati : « Nari umuyobozi w’umusivili mpimbira rero ubumenyi bwangira icyitso numve?! Nta bumenyi nari mfite bwangira icyitso kuko nanjye ubwanjye narahigwaga».
Dr. Rutunga avuga ko aba gendarmes yatabaje baje gukora ibinyuranye n’icyo yabazaniye, akumva bitamureba. Araburana avuga ko nta shyaka rya politiki yabagamo kuva mu 1991 kugeza mu 1994. Akavuga ko atigeze yanga Abatutsi kuko ari nabo benshi bakoranaga muri Département ye. Yemeza ko ari nabo bakoranaga ubushashatsi kandi utakorana ubushakashatsi n’umuntu wanga. Avuga ko yahawe aba gendarmes bagera ku 10 n’abasirikare 5 bagerageza kugarura ituze mu kigo cya ISAR. Gusa avuga ko, ku munsi ukurikira haje abandi bantu bagera mu 5000 bateye, ari nabwo hiyambajwe ingufu za gisirikare.
Hari bamwe mu batangabuhamya bavuga ko abakozi ba ISAR bishwe Dr Rutunga ahari. Ku gikorwa cyo guhemba abicanyi inzoga, inka n’amafaranga, Dr. Rutunga arabihakana. Avuga ko ntaho bashoboraga gukura inzoga kuko nta rutoki n’amasaka bari bafite, agashimangira ko muri icyo gihe n’utubari twari dufunze.
Ku cyaha cyo kurimbura abantu nk’icyaha kibasiye inyoko muntu asanga kuba Nsabimana Sylvain wari Préfet wa Butare, mu Rukiko rwa Arusha, yarakiburanye kandi akakibaho umwere, bishingiye ku kuba yaratabaye mu kigo cya ISAR, akumva nta kindi yakivugaho, kuko ibyemejwe n’inkiko biba itegeko.
Abanyamategeko bunganira Dr Rutunga baravuga ko ibyaha aregwa byamwitiriwe kubera umwanya ukomeye yari afite mu kigo cya ISAR-Rubona. Ku byaha byose basanga hagakwiye kuba ibikorwa nyir’izina yagombye kuba yarakoze. Baravuga ko ibimenyetso bimushinja biri mu buryo bwa rusange kandi bidafatika. Bavuga kandi ko Ubushinjacyaha butagaragaza neza niba koko Dr Rutunga yarazanye aba gendarmes bo kurinda umutekano azi neza ko baje kwica Abatutsi. Bagasaba Ubushinjacyaha bwa Kagame kubigaragaza.
Urukiko rwabajije ubwunganizi niba igihe umuntu yatabaje, abatabaye bagahindukira bakica, uko byafatwa mu rwego rw’amategeko. Basubije ko Dr Rutunga yafatwa nk’icyitso igihe yaba yarazanye aba ba gendarmes asanzwe azi umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi. Bavuga ko abaje gutabara nyuma bakica ari bo bagombye kubiryozwa, bagasigara bibaza ku bubasha yari afite ku nzego za gisirikare kandi yari umusivili.
Abajijwe icyo yongera ku bwiregure bwe, Dr Rutunga yagize ati : « Nyakubahwa Mucamanza, nabasabaga ko mwagerageza kureba ukuntu njyewe na Parquet mwadukiza rwose, ukuri kukajya ahagaragara ».
Nyuma yo kumva uruhande rwiregura, umucamanza yanzuye ko urubanza ruzakomeza ku itariki ya 19/09/2022, ahazumvwa abatangabuhamya bashinja n’abashinjura.
Mu mwaka ushize wa 2021 nibwo Dr Venant Rutunga yoherejwe n’igihugu cy’Ubuholandi ngo aze kuburanira mu Rwanda. Akurikiranyweho ibyaha bitatu birimo ibyaha bya jenoside, ubufatanyacyaha mu gukora jenoside n’icyaha cyo kurimbura nk’icyaha kibasiye inyoko muntu. Ibi byose bikaba ari bya byaha FPR ihimba kugira ngo ibikubitishe abo ikeka ko bayirwanya cyangwa idashaka ikabishora mu ikinamico. Igikomeje kuba ikinamico kandi ni uko Urukiko Rukuru rutabanje gukuraho icyemezo cy’Urukiko Gacaca cyakatiraga uregwa gufungwa burundu. Bivuze ko nta rubanza rwabaye ahubwo ari ikinamico yanditswe na Dr Jean Damascène Bizimana, wagororewe kuba Minisitiri w’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda n’Inshingano Mboneragihugu, mu gihe we inshingano aze ari uguhimba amakinamico abiba urwango.
Manzi Uwayo Fabrice