Yanditswe na Ahirwe kalori
Tumaze iminsi tubona raporo z’umusubizo zikorwa ku Rwanda bitewe n’amabi agatsiko ka FPR kari ku butegetsi muri iyi myaka 28 irenga kagiye gakorera Abanyarwanda n’abanyamahanga, ugasanga kadasiba guhonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu, kwima urubuga abo batavuga rumwe, gucecekesha, gufunga no kwica impirimbanyi za demokarasi, gushyigikira umutwe w’iterabwoba muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, igamije gusahurayo imitungo n’ibindi.
Raporo y’akaminuramuhini iherutse gusohoka ni iyakozwe na FIDH. Iyi ni Fédération Internationale pour les Droits Humains. Ni umuryango mugari ukomatanyije imiryango irengera uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu, ukaba ubumbiye hamwe imiryango 192 ituruka mu bihugu 117. Ni umuryango ufite icyicaro i Paris mu Bufaransa. Mu by’ukuri, ntabwo FIDH yari imenyerewe kuri raporo zivuga ku Rwanda, n’iyo yazikoraga yasaga n’aho igendera hejuru y’amagi yigengesereye ngo atameneka.
Kuri iyi nshuro yo siko byagenze kuko noneho FIDH yakuriye u Rwanda agahu ku nnyo. Muri raporo mpuzamahanga ziheruka gukorwa ku Rwanda, usanga iyi ngiyi ariyo ikaze cyane kuko iva imuzi ibibazo byose bigaragara mu Rwanda. Mu Rwanda twari tumenyereye raporo z’Amnesty International ifite icyicaro i Londres mu Bwongereza, tukanamenyera iza Human Right Watch ifite icyicaro muri Amerika, ariko noneho zisa n’aho zahurije hamwe kuko Human Right Watch yo yari inaherutse gusohora raporo yerekana akarengane Abanyarwanda bashyizwemo n’ubutegetsi bwa Kigali na Amnesty International biba uko.
Uyu munsi rero bakoranyeho basaba FIDH kugira icyo itangaza. Mu byo yatangaje ni agahomamunwa kuko iyi raporo ushatse wayikomatanya n’uruzinduko Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’Amerika, Antony Blinken yakoreye mu Rwanda ndetse rugakurikirwa n’urw’abagize Inteko ishinga Amategeko y’Amerika. Iyo rero usesenguye neza ibikubiye muri raporo ya FIDH usanga Kagame yarafatiwe akabando ku gakanu kuko izi raporo z’umusubizo zidashobora gusiga ubusa.
Muri FIDH u Rwanda rufitemo imiryango ibiri ari yo Association Rwandaise pour la Défense des Droits de la Personne et des Libertés Publiques (ADL) n’undi witwa Ligue Rwandaise pour la Promotion et la Défense des Droits de l’Homme (LIPRODHOR). Iyi miryango irakora n’ubwo Leta ya FPR yayitsikamiye igashaka gushyiramo abambari bayo ngo bayibuze ubwinyagamburiro, ariko bigaragara ko iticaye ubusa.
Iyi raporo ya FIDH yahawe umutwe ugira uti : « RWANDA, L’espace démocratique, otage du Front patriotique rwandais (FPR). Violations des droits humains en 2022», yumvikana neza ko FPR nk’ishyaka rukumbi ryashyize mu kwaha kwayo ubwinyagamburiro bwose bwaba ubw’umuturage cyangwa ubwa demokarasi. Ni raporo yasohotse mu ku itariki ya 21 Nyakanga 2022 ariko isakara muri uku kwezi dusoza kwa Kanama 2022.
Ukinjira ku rubuga rwa FIDH wakirwa n’ifoto igaragaza abantu benshi bambaye impuzankano iranga abanyururu bo mu Rwanda barinzwe bikomeye n’abacungagereza bitwaje intwaro zo kurinda abanyururu bambaye amapingu. Kuri iyi foto kandi hagaragaraho imodoka nini ubundi yagenewe gutwara imizigo, ariko urabona ko ariyo yifashishwa mu gutunda abanyururu bajyanwa cyangwa bavanwa mu nkiko za Kagame.
Iyi raporo itangira igaragaza ko ku rubuga rwa demokarasi hari ingingo eshanu zikwiye kwitabwaho mbere y’izindi ari zo kubaha uburenganzira bwa muntu, kureshya imbere y’amategeko, ubwigenge bw’amashyaka ya politiki, kwibuka inzirakarengane zose zishwe mu ntambara n’uburenganzira bwo gutanga ibitekerezo.
Igika cya mbere cy’iyi raporo kiragira kiti : « Omnipotence du FPR et confiscation de l’exercice des droits politiques », bakavugamo ugushobora byose kwa FPR no gushimuta uburenganzira bw’umuturage mu gukora politiki. FIDH isobanura ko kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi mu 1994 yahise yigira Kaganga, nta muntu uyivuga, ahubwo muri iyi myaka yose imaze ibyo ikora ni agahomamunwa. Yerekana na none ko imvugo FPR yahisemo ko ariyo ivugwa, ikarisha cyane cyane ko ifite abagore benshi mu badepite, hakabaho n’izindi mvugo zirata ibyagezweho ariko wabishaka ukabibura, ahubwo ibyiza byose by’igihugu byikubiwe n’agatsiko k’abantu bake cyane. Raporo rero ikagaragaza ko ibinyoma bya FPR byamaze gutahurwa.
Iki gika na none cyerekana ko u Rwanda rukomeje kwipendeza aho rwagiye mu miryango mpuzamahanga rukanayiyobora harimo Commonwealth ruyobora kuva muri Kamena uyu mwaka, Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) iyoborwa na Louise Mushikiwabo wahoze ari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, East African Community (EAC) n’iyindi. Ibi byose bakabona ko ari uburyo bwo guhuma amahanga amaso, kugira ngo ikinyoma gikomeze gihabwe intebe, ntihagire ubona amabi akorwa n’agatsiko ka FPR.
Iki gika kandi gikomoza ku masezerano yasinywe hagati y’u Rwanda n’Ubwongereza, ku wa 14 Mata 2022, agamije kujyana abimukira mu Rwanda, raporo ya FIDH ikavuga ko aya masezerano abangamiye bikomeye uburenganzira bwa muntu n’icyubahiro aba bimukira bagombwa n’ibihugu bagiye gushakiramo amaramuko.
Igika cya kabiri FIDH yakise « Contraindre la Société au silence », kigaragaza ko u Rwanda rukoresha ingabo zarwo mu bikorwa byo gutitiza amahanga hakurya y’imipaka yarwo. Iki gika kigasobanura ko u Rwanda rwitwaza ko rufite abasirikare benshi bagiye kubungabunga amahoro mu mahanga. Ariko iyi raporo ikagaragaza ko aba basirikare batajyanwa na kamwe kuko hari bagera bakadurumbanya impunzi zahahungiye, zikicwa cyangwa zigashimutwa.
Muri iki gika FIDH yibutsa ibya mapping report yakozwe muri RD Congo, ikanakomoza ku butumwa bwa LONI muri Darfour, muri Centrafrique, Mali, na Mozambique, ariko iyi raporo igashimangira ko u Rwanda ruri ku isonga y’umutekano muke ugaragara mu burasirazuba bwa RD Congo, aho rufasha ku mugaragaro umutwe wa M23.
Iki gika kandi cyerekana ko muri Mozambique, abasirikare b’u Rwanda bagezeyo bibasira impunzi zahahungiye, aho batanga urugero ko ku itariki ya 13 Nzeri 2021 hishwe uwitwa Revocat Karemangingo, impunzi yahoze ari umusirikare ku ngoma ya Juvénal Habyarimana. Bavugamo kandi ko mu myaka yabanje hishwe Col. Théoneste Lizinde, Seth Sendashonga, Col. Patrick Karegeya, bashimuta Cassien Ntamuhanga kuri 23/05/2021, kugeza n’uyu munsi akaba yaraburiwe irengero.
FIDH yibutsa ko muri raporo ya Human Right Watch yo muri Kamena 2021, yavugaga ko ihangayikishijwe bikomeye n’uko Cassien Ntamuhanga yashimuswe akaba agikomeje kuburirwa irengero.
Raporo ya FIDH ikomeza ivuga ko u Rwanda rukomeje kwigira akari aha kajyahe, aho rwibasira abatavuga rumwe narwo aho bahungiye muri Mozambique, muri Uganda, muri Kenya no muri Afurika y’Epfo n’ahandi. Iyi raporo ivuga ko mu bihugu byinshi abanenga FPR bashimuswe, abandi baricwa.
Igika gikurikiraho FIDH yacyise « Une mainmise du pouvoir sur l’économie », berekana ukuntu FPR yigaruriye ubukungu bwose bw’igihugu, ikagenda yirata ko muri doing business, u Rwanda rwari ku mwanya wa 38 mu 2020 ku isi. Iki gika na none cyerekana ukuntu Crystal Ventures Ltd nk’akaboko ka FPR mu by’imari yavuzwe n’ikinyamakuru Financial Times ko imaze kugira imbaraga zisumba iz’igihugu kuko ibumbiye hamwe amasosiyete y’itumanaho arimo MTN, n’ibigo by’ubwubatsi birimo Real Contractor, NPD Cotraco, Inyange Industries, n’ibindi byose bifite agaciro karenga miliyoni 380 z’amayero.
Iki gika kandi kivuga ko FPR yashyize za cellules spécialisées mu bigo bya Leta n’ibyigenga kugira ngo ibashe kugenzura mu buryo bwuzuye ibyemezo bihafatirwa n’abanyamigabane. FIDH muri iki gika igaragaza ko ibigo byigenga bihatirwa gushaka abakozi mu banyamuryango ba FPR ndetse bagakatwa amafaranga y’agahato ashyirwa ku ma comptes ya FPR, akitwa umusanzu w’iri shyaka rukumbi.
Nyamara FPR yirengagiza nkana ingingo ya 6 y’Itegeko Ngenga ivuga ko « Buri Munyarwanda ufite nibura imyaka 18 y’amavuko afite uburenganzira bwo kujya cyangwa kutajya mu mutwe wa politiki ». Ibi rero byo guhatira buri Munyarwanda gutanga umusanzu w’umuryango, irindi zina rya FPR, bihabanye n’amategeko rwishyiriyeho.
Ikindi gika kigaragaza abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bagiye bafungirwa ubusa barimo Me Bernard Ntaganda, Jean Baptiste Icyitonderwa, wabuze ku wa 07/03/2012, James Nigirente, wabuze ku wa 09/01/2014, Jean Damascène Iyakaremye, Valens Nsabimana na Eugène Siborurema bashimutiwe i Kampala muri Uganda, ku wa 16/03/2014, Dominique Shyirambere, wabuze ku wa 09/12/2014, Aimable Sibomana Rusangwa waburiwe irengero ku wa 13/06/2010 na Eric Nshimyumuremyi bose ba PS Imberakuri, bagiye bashimutwa mu bihe bitandukanye, bamwe bakaboneka abandi bakaburirwa irengero kugeza uyu munsi. Raporo igaragaza kandi Sylvère Mwizerwa wari ugiye gushimutirwa ku biro by’Umurenge wa Gitega muri Werurwe 2021.
Iki gika na none kivuga Dr Kayumba Christopher wahimbiwe ibyaha akaba ataraburana nyuma y’igihe kigera ku mwaka afunze, nta kindi azira uretse kuba yari yashinze ishyaka ryitwa Rwanda Platform for Democracy (RPD).
Iki gika kandi kigaruka kuri Madamu Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza wakatiwe imyaka 15 azira kutavuga rumwe na FPR, FIDH ikanagaragaza abarwanashyaka be bagiye bicwa umusubizo barimo Jean Damascène Habarugira, wo muri Ngoma, wasanzwe yapfuye ku wa 08/05/2017, Anselme Mutuyimana wishwe tariki ya 09/03/2019, Syldio Dusabumuremyi waburiwe irengero ku wa 23/09/2019, Illuminée Iragena, wabuze kuva ku itariki 26/03/2016, Boniface Twagirimana waburiye muri Gereza ya Mpanga, mu 2018, akuwe muri Gereza ya Nyarugenge iri i Mageragere, Eugène Ndereyimana waburiwe irengero ku wa 15/07/2019, Théoneste Bapfakurera wiciwe iwe, Venant Abayisenga, waburiwe irengero kuri 20/06/2019 na Ernest Nkiko, bagizwe abere, Léonille Gasengayire, Théophile Ntirutwa n’abandi bagifunze cyangwa baburiwe irengero.
Iyi raporo ikomeza ivuga abandi barwanashyaka ba DALFA–Umurinzi bafungiwe ubusa barimo Marcel Habimana, Emmanuel Masengesho, Sylvain Sibomana, Hamada Hagengimana, Jean Claude Ndayishimye, Alphonse Mutabazi, Joyeuse Uwatuje, Théoneste Nsengimana n’abandi bagifungiye i Mageragere bazira ko ngo bafashwe barimo gutegura Ingabire Day. Mu byo bashinjwe harimo ko basomye ibitabo bibiri : Icyitwa « Blue Print for Revolution » n’ikindi cyitwa « Comment faire tomber un dictateur quand on est seul, tout petit, et sans armes » byanditswe n’umunyaseribiya Srdja Popovic.
FIDH ikomeza ivuga ko amayeri yo guca intege no gucecekesha Madamu Victoire Ingabire FPR yakoresheje ari ukumufungira abarwanashyaka cyangwa bakaburirwa irengero burundu, abandi bakicwa byagambiriwe.
Iyi raporo kandi yibutsa ko mu 2017 Diane Rwigara n’umubyeyi we Adeline Mukangemanyi bafunzwe bazira ko Diane Rwigara yashatse kwiyamamaza mu matora ya Perezida, binaba nyuma y’uko umubyeyi we, umunyemari Assinapol Rwigara yishwe ku maherere bibeshywa ko ari impanuka yamuhitanye, nyamara yari yarafashije bikomeye FPR mu gihe cy’urugamba.
Nanone Iyi raporo igaragaza ikinyamakuru Igicumbi News cyatangaje urupfu rwa Jean Claude Tuyizere wishwe ku 27/03/2021, Umuryango utangaza ko Emmanuel Nyandwi na Jean Claude Nyirimana bishwe ku wa 24/03/2020 naho BBC News itangaza ko Flavien Ngaboyamahina yishwe ku wa 04/08/2020, bose bazize kurenga ku mabwiriza yo kurwanya Covid-19. Abanyamakuru nabo bacukumbuye akarengane kakorerwaga abantu mu gihe cya Covid-19 nabo barafunzwe barimo Cyuma Hassan Dieudonné Niyonsenga w’Ishema TV n’umushoferi we Fidèle Komezusenge, Théoneste Nsengimana w’Umubavu TV, Valentin Muhirwa na David Byiringiro b’Afrimax TV.
FIDH, muri iyi raporo yerekana n’abandi bafungiye kunenga FPR barimo Madamu Idamange Iryamugwiza Yvonne, Aimable Karasira Uzaramba n’abandi bakomeje kuborera mu munyururu, nta kindi bazira uretse kugaragaza ibitekerezo byabo, bitishimiwe na FPR, babinyujije kuri YouTube. Yibutsa na none ko Innocent Bahati, umusizi wanarokotse jenoside kimwe n’aba babiri yaburiwe irengero, babeshya ko ari muri Uganda.
Iyi raporo kandi yibutsa ko FPR yashimuse imiryango iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu irimo CLADHO na LIPRODHOR, kugeza ubwo uwari umuyobozi wa LIPRODHOR, Laurent Munyandilikirwa, abifashijwemo na FIDH ndetse na Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights, yareze u Rwanda mu Rukiko Nyafurika rw’Uburenganzira bwa muntu, ku wa 23/09/2015.
Iyi raporo rero ikomeza ivuga ko muri 2018, RGB ya Kagame yeguriwe kugenzura amadini maze mu 2019 ahantu hasengerwa harenga 6000 hahita hafungwa, nk’uko BBC yabitangaje. Iyi raporo kandi yibutsa ko Itegeko Nshinga ryo mu 2015 ryakomeje gushyigikira uburenganzira no kwishyira ukizana mu gutanga ibitekerezo, kwishyira hamwe no guhurira mu nama, mu ngingo zaryo za 38, 39 na 40.
Nyamara, ukwishyira ukizana mu gutanga ibitekerezo byateganywaga n’ingingo ya 33 y’Itegeko Nshinga rya
2003 byakuwe mu Itegeko Nshinga ryo mu 2015, bigaragaza ko FPR yashatse gupfukirana abayinenga.
Iyi raporo na none igaruka kuri Paul Rusesabagina na Callixte Nsabimana Sankara bashimuswe bafungirwa i Kigali baza no gukatirwa imyaka 25 na 20 y’igifungo. Igaruka na none kuri Kizito Mihigo wafunzwe muri Mata 2014 azira indirimbo ye yise igisobanuro cy’urupfu, arekurwa mu 2018, nyuma kuri 14/02/2020, RIB itangaza ko yongeye gutabwa muri yombi afatiwe hafi y’umupaka w’u Burundi. Nyuma y’iminsi itatu gusa, ku wa 17/02/2020, byatangajwe ko yiyahuriye muri cachot y’igipolice cya Kagame iRemera.
Iyi raporo kandi yibutsa ko umwanditsi w’ibitabo, Gérard Niyomugabo, nawe wari waracitse ku icumu rya jenoside, ari n’umwarimu muri Kaminuza Nkuru y’u Rwanda, yaburiwe irengero kuva ku wa 03/04/2014, mu bihe bimwe n’igihe Kizito Mihigo na Cassien Ntamuhanga bafatwaga. Kugeza uyu munsi nta rengero rya Niyomugabo rizwi, nyamara yari yaramenyekanye cyane mu biganiro byategurwa na Ntamuhanga kuri Radio Amazing Grace byamuhuzaga na Kizito Mihigo abinyujije mu muryango KMP yari yarashinze.
Mu kwanzura iyi nkuru rero twababwira ko muri make ibi ari byo bikubiye muri raporo ya FIDH. Ni raporo y’amapages 25 ivuga neza akaga FPR yateje u Rwanda n’Akarere k’Ibiyaga bigari kuva kuri mapping report kugeza kuri raporo zigenda zisohorwa n’imiryango mpuzamahanga itandukanye. Ni raporo rero u Rwanda rutasimbuka, uko agatsiko ka FPR kabigenza kose, kuko igaragaza ibimenyetso simusiga byerekana ko nta keza ka FPR, ko ahubwo icyo yazaniye Abanyarwanda ari ukubica urubozo no kubatuza mu kangaratete.
Iyi raporo yabaye nk’aho yereka u Rwanda n’Abanyarwanda ko amabi FPR ibakorera yose azwi n’amahanga, kandi ko byatinda byatebuka abategetsi ba Kigali bazayabazwa, bakaryozwa ibyaha bikorerwa Abanyarwanda n’abanyamahanga. Kagame rero yavunira ibiti mu matwi, amenye ko amahanga yose yamuhagurukiye.
Raporo Isoza rero ifite ibyo isaba ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda, Afurika yunze Ubumwe ndetse n’abatanyabikorwa b’u Rwanda mu iterambere, kugira ngo habeho kongera kwimakaza demokarasi ishingiye ku bitekerezo bya benshi kandi idaheza, yubaha uburenganzira bwa muntu no guca umuco wo kudahana.
Twe rero, nk’Abaryankuna biyemeje gukubitira ikinyoma ahakubuye, icyo tuba tugambiriye ni uguhumura Abanyarwanda, tukabereka ko amabi yose akorwa na FPR azwi, maze buri Munyarwanda agahagurukira Impinduramatwara Gacanzigo, kugira ngo buri wese asase inzobe, turebere hamwe aho byapfiriye, dufate ingamba zo kubaka igihugu kizira inzangano n’amacakubiri, igihugu kizira intambara umuturage arwana na mugenzi we, igihugu tuzaraga abazadukomokaho twishimiye aho tubasize hasendereye amahoro aganje.
FPR, WAHONYOYE UBURENGANZIRA BWA MUNTU URAKABYA, GENDA NTITUZAGUKUMBURA!!!